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Doctors In Business Journal: Your Source for Business Insights and Academic Material to help drive your success.
Joby Aviation’s All-Electric Air Taxi: Ordering a Flight From Your Phone Is No Longer Science Fiction
The future of transportation is no longer confined to roads. With the emergence of electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, or eVTOLs, companies are racing to bring urban air mobility into everyday life. At the forefront of this transformation is Joby Aviation, a California-based innovator developing an all-electric air taxi that could fundamentally change how people move through cities. What makes Joby’s vision particularly compelling is not just the aircraft itself,
Gary Blankfeid, Ph.D.
12 hours ago6 min read
Money Can Buy Happiness: What New Research Reveals About Income and Well-Being
For decades, the phrase “money can’t buy happiness” has been repeated as a kind of universal truth. It has appeared in books, speeches, and everyday conversations, often used to suggest that emotional fulfillment lies beyond material wealth. But recent research is challenging that assumption in a meaningful way. The latest findings indicate that money can, in fact, make you happier—and not just in small or limited ways. What makes this research particularly compelling is its
Dr. Bruce Moynihan, Ph.D. in Business Administration
11 hours ago6 min read
Fintech and Banking: How Digital Innovation Is Redefining the Financial System
The financial system has always evolved alongside technology, but few periods have seen change as rapid or as consequential as the current era. Fintech and banking, once viewed as separate worlds, are now deeply intertwined. Traditional banks that dominated global finance for centuries are being reshaped by software-driven innovators, while fintech companies increasingly resemble banks in everything but name. This convergence is redefining how money moves, how credit is alloc
Dr. Bruce Moynihan, Ph.D. in Business Administration
Feb 57 min read
The Smart Entrepreneur’s Guide to Using Credit Cards to Fuel Business Growth
For modern entrepreneurs, credit cards are no longer just a payment tool. They have evolved into one of the most flexible and powerful financial instruments available to small business owners. When used strategically, credit cards can help entrepreneurs manage cash flow, smooth out revenue volatility, earn valuable rewards, and even fund growth without giving up equity. In an environment where access to traditional financing can be slow or restrictive, credit cards often beco
Dr. Bruce Moynihan, Ph.D. in Business Administration
Feb 57 min read
Artificial Intelligence and the Changing Nature of New Ventures: Introducing the Virgen Framework for AI-Driven Entrepreneurship
The Virgen Framework: A framework for launching and operating a large company with a small team or a single founder by exploiting artificial intelligence (AI) at scale. The Virgen Framework is an organizational and strategic framework introduced in 2026 by Miguel Virgen that explains how large scale enterprises can be launched, managed, and scaled by a very small team, or a single founder through the systematic exploitation of artificial intelligence (AI) at scale. The fr
From Resources to Sustainable Advantage: A Deep Examination of the VRIO Framework in Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship
Strategic management scholarship has long been concerned with explaining why some firms consistently outperform others despite operating in similar industries and environments. While early strategy research emphasized industry structure and competitive positioning, subsequent scholarship shifted attention toward the internal characteristics of firms as the primary drivers of sustained performance differences. The VRIO framework (value, rarity, imitability and organization), h
Agile and Scrum as Adaptive Frameworks for Managing Complexity in Innovation and Entrepreneurship
The Agile and Scrum framework represents a fundamental shift in how organizations conceive, plan, and execute complex work. Emerging initially within software development, Agile challenged traditional, plan-driven project management approaches that assumed stable requirements and predictable outcomes. Software Development based on Scrum Agile in a distributed development environment plays a pivotal role in the software industry by facilitating software development across geog
Explanation of the OKR (Objectives and Key Results) Framework in Strategic Performance Management
One of the most persistent problems in management theory and practice is the gap between strategic intent and day-to-day execution. Businesses need to develop new performance measurement systems to help solve complex issues. One such measurement system is objectives and key results (OKRs), which has been adopted by Google with great success ( Rompho, 2024). Organizations often articulate compelling visions yet struggle to convert them into coordinated action across teams and
Joby Aviation’s All-Electric Air Taxi: Ordering a Flight From Your Phone Is No Longer Science Fiction
The future of transportation is no longer confined to roads. With the emergence of electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, or eVTOLs, companies are racing to bring urban air mobility into everyday life. At the forefront of this transformation is Joby Aviation, a California-based innovator developing an all-electric air taxi that could fundamentally change how people move through cities. What makes Joby’s vision particularly compelling is not just the aircraft itself,
Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Business Growth: How Belief, Capability, and Action Drive Sustainable Entrepreneurial Success
In the last decade, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to promote entrepreneurial opportunities has grown, providing a strong platform for digitally enabled entrepreneurship. AI is advancing the progress of entrepreneurship by redefining and reshaping business and strategy and is a key element in enabling competitiveness and the ability of entrepreneurs to navigate uncertain environments ( Olan, et al., 2024). Entrepreneurship is often discussed in terms of ideas, fundin
What Factors Make Startups Successful? Strategic, Financial, and Human Drivers of High-Performing Startups
In the last decade, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to promote entrepreneurial opportunities has grown, providing a strong platform for digitally enabled entrepreneurship. AI is advancing the progress of entrepreneurship by redefining and reshaping business and strategy and is a key element in enabling competitiveness and the ability of entrepreneurs to navigate uncertain environments ( Olan, et al., 2024). Startup success is often portrayed as the result of a breakth
Entrepreneurial Strategy and Business Performance: How Vision, Execution, and Strategic Discipline Shape Long-Term Value Creation
Entrepreneurship is often romanticized as the triumph of bold ideas and visionary founders. Yet history shows that ideas alone rarely produce lasting success. What separates high-performing entrepreneurial firms from those that stagnate or fail is not inspiration, but strategy. Entrepreneurial strategy provides the connective tissue between opportunity and outcome. It translates uncertainty into structured action and ambition into measurable business performance. In the last
Stock Indexes Are Contorting Themselves to Include SpaceX and OpenAI
A quiet but profound shift is underway in global financial markets. The rules that govern how stock indexes are constructed—long considered rigid and methodical—are beginning to bend under pressure from a new class of companies that have remained private longer, grown larger than many public firms, and now stand on the brink of historic public offerings. At the center of this transformation are companies like SpaceX, OpenAI, and Anthropic. As these firms edge closer to potent
Why Almost Everyone Loses—Except a Few Sharks—on Prediction Markets
Prediction markets were supposed to democratize forecasting. Platforms like Polymarket and Kalshi promise something simple and seductive: the ability to bet on real-world outcomes, from elections and economic data to geopolitical events, and potentially profit from being right. But beneath that appealing surface lies a harsher reality. A recent analysis highlighted by The Wall Street Journal shows that most participants consistently lose money, while a small group of sophisti
GameStop’s $56 Billion Bid for eBay Could Redefine E-Commerce and Retail Investing
In one of the most unexpected and ambitious corporate moves of the decade, GameStop has reportedly made a $56 billion offer to acquire eBay, signaling a dramatic escalation in its transformation strategy under CEO Ryan Cohen. The proposed deal, which includes a mix of cash and stock valued at $125 per share, comes alongside the revelation that GameStop has already quietly accumulated a roughly 5% stake in eBay. At first glance, the move may seem improbable. GameStop, long ass
Anthropic Nears $1.5 Billion Joint Venture With Wall Street Firms
Anthropic is reportedly moving closer to one of the most important enterprise AI deals of the year: a roughly $1.5 billion joint venture with a roster of powerful Wall Street firms that includes Blackstone, Goldman Sachs, and Hellman & Friedman. According to reporting cited by Reuters from the Wall Street Journal, the venture would be designed to help sell artificial-intelligence tools to private-equity-backed companies, with Anthropic, Blackstone, and Hellman & Friedman each
The Entrepreneurial Process Model: A Dynamic Framework for Opportunity Creation, Evaluation, and Venture Evolution
The entrepreneurial process model represents one of the most influential frameworks in entrepreneurship scholarship, offering a systematic explanation of how new ventures emerge, evolve, and, in some cases, fail. Rather than portraying entrepreneurship as a single act of innovation or risk-taking, the model conceptualizes it as an unfolding process shaped by opportunity perception, individual cognition, resource constraints, institutional contexts, and market dynamics. This p
6 min read
The Triple Bottom Line Model: Integrating Economic Performance, Social Equity, and Environmental Sustainability
The Triple Bottom Line model has become one of the most influential frameworks for rethinking the purpose and performance of organizations in the twenty-first century. Coined by John Elkington in the 1990s, the concept challenges the traditional primacy of financial profit by asserting that organizational success should be evaluated across three interdependent dimensions: economic viability, social responsibility, and environmental stewardship. This paper offers an analysis o
4 min read
The Venture Capital Model: Governance, Incentives, and Value Creation in High-Growth Entrepreneurship
The venture capital model occupies a central position in modern entrepreneurial finance, serving as a primary mechanism for funding high-growth, innovation-driven firms under conditions of extreme uncertainty. Unlike traditional bank financing or public equity markets, venture capital is uniquely designed to support ventures with limited operating history, intangible assets, and unproven business models. This paper presents a PhD-level examination of the venture capital model
4 min read
Opportunity Discovery vs Opportunity Creation: Competing Models and Complementary Logics in Entrepreneurship Theory
The question of how entrepreneurial opportunities emerge lies at the heart of entrepreneurship theory. Among the most influential and debated perspectives are the opportunity discovery and opportunity creation models, which offer contrasting explanations of where opportunities come from and how entrepreneurs engage with them. Rather than representing a purely academic dispute, this theoretical divide has profound implications for research design, entrepreneurial education, an
4 min read
The Fuel-Price Crunch That’s Turning Into a Disaster for Airlines
The global airline industry is entering one of its most dangerous financial phases in decades, as a sudden and severe surge in jet fuel prices transforms what began as a cost challenge into a full-scale operational and economic crisis. What makes this moment especially alarming is not just the scale of the increase, but the speed at which it has unfolded, leaving airlines with little time to adapt and even less room for error. Jet fuel has always been one of the largest expen
NVIDIA’s Ising AI Models: The Breakthrough That Could Finally Unlock Quantum Computing
The race to unlock quantum computing has long been defined by promise rather than practicality. While quantum machines hold the theoretical power to solve problems far beyond the reach of classical computers, they have remained fragile, error-prone, and difficult to scale. Now, NVIDIA is attempting to change that narrative with the launch of its new open-source AI model family known as NVIDIA Ising. Unlike traditional generative AI systems designed for conversation or content
Inside JPMorgan’s Union Push: Why Software Engineers and Bankers Are Backing the JPMC Workers Alliance
In an industry historically resistant to organized labor, a surprising development is unfolding inside JPMorgan Chase. Software engineers, investment banking associates, and other employees are increasingly rallying behind a grassroots labor effort known as the JPMC Workers Alliance. While unionization is common in sectors like manufacturing and retail, it remains exceptionally rare in high finance, making this movement both unusual and significant. The push reflects deeper t
Financing Sources for Venture Capital: How Startups Secure Financing
For entrepreneurs, having the ability to access funding is an essential step towards launching and developing their business ideas. Due to the various funding challenges that entrepreneurs can face, there have been multiple funding programs created in order to help businesses thrive and encourage a healthy economy. This literature provides a review of venture capital, small business grants, commercial loans, private lending, and funding programs for micro-entrepreneurs. There
Here’s What’s Shoring Up the Global Economy During the Energy Shock
Two months after the Strait of Hormuz was effectively shut, the world economy is still standing, even if the strain is obvious. Reuters reported that the closure has choked off roughly 20% of global oil and gas supplies and pushed markets toward a toxic mix of slower growth and higher inflation, yet many major economies have continued to function better than expected. The Wall Street Journal similarly described a global economy that is proving surprisingly resilient because o
The Fuel-Price Crunch That’s Turning Into a Disaster for Airlines
The global airline industry is entering one of its most dangerous financial phases in decades, as a sudden and severe surge in jet fuel prices transforms what began as a cost challenge into a full-scale operational and economic crisis. What makes this moment especially alarming is not just the scale of the increase, but the speed at which it has unfolded, leaving airlines with little time to adapt and even less room for error. Jet fuel has always been one of the largest expen
Ray Dalio on Artificial Intelligence: Why the Future of Wealth and Education Is at a Crossroads
When Ray Dalio speaks about the global economy, policymakers and investors tend to listen. As the founder of Bridgewater Associates, one of the largest hedge funds in the world, Dalio has spent decades analyzing cycles of wealth, power, and economic transformation. Now, he is turning his attention to one of the most disruptive forces of the modern era: artificial intelligence. His message is both clear and unsettling. Artificial intelligence, while capable of unlocking enormo
Inside JPMorgan’s Union Push: Why Software Engineers and Bankers Are Backing the JPMC Workers Alliance
In an industry historically resistant to organized labor, a surprising development is unfolding inside JPMorgan Chase. Software engineers, investment banking associates, and other employees are increasingly rallying behind a grassroots labor effort known as the JPMC Workers Alliance. While unionization is common in sectors like manufacturing and retail, it remains exceptionally rare in high finance, making this movement both unusual and significant. The push reflects deeper t
Issues in Venture Capital
This literature review highlights venture capital and how changes in global technology have resulted in an increase in investments and how venture funding leans toward more established businesses. This can leave early-stage businesses under-served. Alternatively, there are other ways to obtain financing such as crowdfunding, angel investment, and government grants. This paper synthesizes prior research on crowdfunding models, highlighting their capacity to democratize access
Financing Sources for Venture Capital: How Startups Secure Financing
For entrepreneurs, having the ability to access funding is an essential step towards launching and developing their business ideas. Due to the various funding challenges that entrepreneurs can face, there have been multiple funding programs created in order to help businesses thrive and encourage a healthy economy. This literature provides a review of venture capital, small business grants, commercial loans, private lending, and funding programs for micro-entrepreneurs. There
Discovery and Creation of Entrepreneurial Opportunities: Understanding How New Ventures Begin
Entrepreneurship begins with opportunity. Whether launching a startup, introducing a new product, or reshaping an existing industry, entrepreneurial action is fundamentally driven by the perception that something valuable can be created. Yet one of the most enduring and intellectually stimulating debates in entrepreneurship research revolves around a deceptively simple question: Are opportunities discovered, or are they created? This question is far more than an academic curi
The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research: Why It Matters More Than Ever
Entrepreneurship has long been associated with bold founders, disruptive startups, and stories of extraordinary success. Yet behind these narratives lies a deeper and increasingly influential academic discipline. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a critical focus for entrepreneurs, driving the development of AI-based startups to address challenges in various sectors. Despite increased innovation from data availability and supportive digitization legislation, some in
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